Vapor-burner.



v No. 687,075. Patented Nov. I9, 1901.

H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

(Application filed July 1, 1901.)

7 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

m: nonms PETERS co PHnToLrmo, WASHINGTON. n. c.

No. 687,075. Patented Nov. I9, l90l. H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

(Application filed. July 1, 1901.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T| E Npnms PETERS co, rncwuwov, WASHINGTON. a. c.

No. 687,075 Patented Nov. l9, I901.

H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

(Application filed July 1, 1901.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3( 5] u0014 Jon m: NbRRIS PETERS c0, mom-um WASHINGTON. n. c.

Patented .Nov. l9, I90l. H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER. (Application filed July 1, 1901.)

7 sheets-shat 4.

(No Model.)

rwawtoz mad qvihmos THE Ncmus pzrsns ca. PHOTO-LUNG" WASHINGTON D c.

No. 687,075. Patentad Nov. l9, I90L H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

(Application filed July 1, 1901.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

luon iron Guam - g vgw THE uunms FEI'ERS cc mmauwu WASHINGTGN. o, c.

Patented Nov. 19, I901.

7 Shoets$heat 6.

H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

' (Application filed July 1, 1901.)

(No Model.)

3 11 0nd for I abtoznm a Patented Nov. 19, l90l.

H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

(Appliation filed July 1; 1901.]

7 shm-sh'eet 7.

' (No Mudel.)

THE NORRIS PEIERS co., PHOTO-LITHCL, WASHINGTON. n, c.

* UNIT STATES PATENT .OFFICE.

HARPER F. SMITH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters ratnt No. 6 7,075 dated. November19,1901.

Application filed July 1, 1901.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARPER F. SMITH,a citi zen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,haveinvented a new and useful Improvementin Vapor-Burners,of'which thefol lowing is a'specification.

My invention relates to incandescent hydrocarbon-burners; and my objectis to improve vapor-burners of this character in various particulars.

To the above end I provide my novel con-. struction of burner with areservoir consist ing of a coil and a novel construction of valve whichis attached to the upper end of the coil or reservoir and is soconstructed as to permit of the pouring of the hydrocarbon very rapidlyinto said coil by reason of the vent being in proximity to thefilling-cap, which latter acts as a seal and prevents any foreign orextraneous matter from entering the fillingchamber. v V

Another feature of my invention is a novel construction and location ofthe drip-cham her, which communicates with the lower end of thecoil-reservoir above "described, said drip-chamber being adaptedtoreceive and retain any extraneous or foreign matter that might pass bythe filling-valve, said dripchamber also acting as a feeder to thestarter and to the vaporizing devices.

Another feature of my invention is an improved construction of avaporizer which receives the hydrocarbon, said vaporizer permitting 0fthe vaporization, the heating, and expansion of the vapor as it passesto the desired point. a

Another feature of my invention is a novel construction of a burnerwhich has an internal disk, either perforated or solid, and capable ofbeingreadily adjusted or setin any desired position, whereby theoutletspace is either increased or diminished by the adjustmentof saiddisk, whichmay be moved to or from the walls of the burner, the functionof said disk being twofold and serving, first, to regulate the supplyof-air to the perforated outlet of the burner, and, second, to reducethe extreme violence of the'pressure which arises in the mixing-tube,-thereby per mitting the vapor to pass through the outlet of the burnerwith less force than itpasses Serial No. 66,650. (No model.)

vision of a heating-chamber attained by surrounding the reservoir-coilby an external hood or casing,'which also incloses an inner wall whichis' located within said coil, whereby aheating-chamber for the latter iscreated. It further consists ofother novel details of construction,alias will be hereinafter fully set forth, andparticnlarly pointed outin the claims j Figure 1 representsa vertical sectional view ,of avapor-burner embodying my invention, certain'of the parts being shown inelevation. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section on line 02 00 Fig. 1. VFig. 3 represents a side elevation of the apparatus seen in Figs. 1 and2,

. the outer casing being removed. Fig. at repvertical sectional view ofa-governor em-' ployed, the sectionbeingtaken on line y y, Fig. 8. Fig.8represents a section on line z 2, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 represents avertical'sectional view of the driprcham'ber and its adjuncts, thesection being taken on line as 00, Fig. 10. Fig. 10 represents an endelevation of the drip-chamber seenin Fig. 9. I Fig. 11

represents, on an enlarged scale, a section on line if y, Fig. 4. Fig.12 representsa hori zontal sectional view showing the relative positionsof the parts seen at the right of Figs.

4 and 11. I a perforated disk which may be employed withinithe burner,if desired. Fig.14. rep-.

.of the principle of my invention; f Fig. ild re' Fig. 13 represents a'plan viewof- Ioo resents a perspective view of the generator,supergenerator, and superheater employed in the structure seen in Fig.15. Fig. 17 represents a sectional view showing their pper portion ofthe coil-reservoir and its adjuncts.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in thefigures.

Referring to the drawings in describing my invention, I shall forconvenience refer in detail to the filling-valve, coil-reservoir,dripchamber, governor, vaporizing devices, bnrner,-and starting devicein substantially the order named.

Thehydrocarbon,which may be either gasolene or any other of the lighteror heavier petroleum products, is first poured into the pipe 1, whichhas the cap or cover 2 hinged or otherwise secured thereto. Thehydrocarbon flows down through the opening 3, valve-seat 4, and chamber5 into the upper convolution 6 of the reservoir 7. The valve-seat 4 isadapted to be closed by the valve 8, which is carried by the stem 9,which is in threaded engagement with the plug 10, said stem beingprovided with a head or finger piece 11, whereby the valve 8 can bereadily manipulated.

12 designates a port or vent whereby air is admitted into the spaceabove the valve 8. The convolutions of the coil or reservoir 7 aresupported in position by means of the rods 13, which are held in placeby the bolts or other fastening devices 14, although it will of coursebe understood that other supporting devices may be employed withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the coil or reservoir 7 servesas a receiver for the hydrocarbon, and since it is provided with a largesurface it permits of the heating of the hydrocarbon before it passesinto the vaporizing devices below; secondly, the coil or reservoirreduces the surface of the hydrocarbon upon which the pressure,hereinafter referred to, lies; thirdly, the coil is of such form thatbut a small portion of vapor'is required to maintain a pressure, and,fourthly, as the hydrocarbon is gradually consumed the coil above theoil-level retains its heat and causes the highly-heated vapor to retainits aeriform state and with the additional supply of vapor to maintain apressure on the oil to the point of ultimate consumption. It will alsobe seen that the construction of the filling device is such as to permitof the pouring of the liquid very rapidly into the coil 7, since theoutlet from the filling device leads directly to said coil, while thefilling ceives and retains any extraneous or foreign matter which mighthave passed the fillingvalve 8.

19 designates an internally-threaded boss projecting from the lower partof the dripchamber and having therein the threaded stem 20, which isprovided with the head or finger piece 21, whereby said stem 20 can bereadily manipulated, it being noted that the extremity 22 of said stemserves as a flushvalve and controls the port 23, wherefrom it will beapparent that when the stem or flush valve is screwed outwardly or tothe left of the position seen in Fig. 9 a communication is formedbetween the ports 22 and 24. It will be seen from the foregoing thatsince the drip-chamber receives all of the hydrocarbon previous to itsdistribution to the starting device and vaporizing devices, to behereinafter referred to, any foreign matter in the hydrocarbon mustsettle to the bottom 18 of the drip-chamber, and consequently uponopening the flush-valve 22 any sediment at the lower end of thedrip-chamber will escape therefrom.

25 designates a port at the upper portion of the drip-chamber 17,whereby a communication is had with the fitting 26, which has the valve27 therein, said valve controlling the flow of the hydrocarbon from thepassage 27 to the pipe 28, which leads to the inletboss 29 of the member30 of the governor or governing device 31.

The construction of the governor will be best understood from theenlarged view seen in Figs. 7 and 8, where it will be seen that the part30 is a hollow cylindrical or tubular chamber having the valve-seat 32located above the inlet-port 33 in the boss 29.

34 designates a valve which is adapted to seat downwardly and is securedto the valvestem 35, which is pivotally connected at 36 to the rod 37,which is pivotally connected to the rocking lever 38, which is fulcrumedat the point 39 in ears 40 to a suitable support, as 41, which islocated in the seat 42 below the seal-chamber 4i.

43 designates a rod having its lower extremity pivotally attached to theextremity of the lever 38 on the opposite side of the fulcrum 39, theupper portion of said rod 43 engaging the plunger 45, whose lowerportion is adapted to move in the upper portion of the casing 46, towhich is secured the lower member 47 of the diaphragm-chamber 48.

It will of course be understood that the support 41 fits sufficientlytightly in the seat 42, so that when the rod 43 rises the support 41binds in its seat, and is thus prevented from improper disengagementtherefrom.

49 designates a shoulder in the member 48, upon which the bottom of thehead 50 is adapted'to rest when the parts are in the position seen inFig. 7.

51 designates a flange carried by the head 50 and adapted to rest uponthe inner wall 52 of the upper member 47.

' tion of which is held upon a flange 51 by means 'of the nut 54, whilethe outer portion of said diaphragm is retained between the lower wallof the flange 52 and the flange 56 of the upper member 57 of thediaphragm-chamber 48.

58 designates a threaded stem projecting upwardly from the head 50 andprovided with a tubular extension 59, the upper portion of which latteris contained within the hollow screw or nut 60, which is in threadedengagement with the extension 61, within which is contained the spring62, the lower portion of which latter contacts with the nut 54, whilethe upper portion of said spring contacts with the lower extremity ofthe upper screw or nut 60, which latter is heldin position by means ofthe lock-nut 63. It will thus be seen from the foregoing that bymanipulating the screw or nut 60 the tension of the regulating-spring 62can be delicately adjusted'according to the required pressure desired.

64 designates an on tlet-chamber in the governor, which is located abovethe valve 34, said outlet-chamber communicating with the pipe 65, whichleads to the branches 66, which conduct the hydrocarbon to the pipes 67,which in the present instance are two in nu inber and are arrangedsubstantially parallel to each other, as will be understood from Fig. 4.The extremities of the pipe 67, which constitute the generator,discharge into the passage 68 of the fitting 69*, the extremity of thepas sage 68 being provided with the closure or cap 70 or otherequivalent device. The hydrocarbon-vapor passes from the passage 68(best seen in Figs. 2, 11, and 12) into the inner pipe 69, as will beunderstood from said figures, the vapor passing through the outlet 70into the chamber 71 in the extremity of the supergenerator 72, which isof greater diameter and has its end closed by the plug 73, the vaporpassing backwardly around the exterior of the pipe 69 into the chamber74, (best seen in Figs. 2 and 11,) and thence upwardly through the pipe75 into the chamber 76 of the fitting 77, a portion of the vapor passingoutwardly through the passage 76, through the pipe 78, and thence to thepassage 79 of the fitting 80 to the upper convolution 6 of the coil orreservoir 7, as will be best understood from the upper portions of Figs.2 and 4. V i The fitting 77 has a chamber 81 formed within the extension82, with which com municates'the extremity of the pipe 83, which leadsdownwardly to the passage 8470f the fitting 69 the vapor passing fromsaid passage 84 through the superheater 85, it being understood that Idesignate the pipe 72 and the inner concentric pipe 69 as asupergenerator, wherefrorn it will be seen that a vapor of very hightension is produced by the employment of the vaporizer composed of thegenerator 67, the supergenerator, and the superheater, the latter beinglocated in relatively close proximity to the mantle 86'of the burner 87,so as to receive the whole impact of the heat therefrom. Thehighly-heated vapor after passing through the superheater passesdownwardly through the pipe 88 to the chamber 89 of the burner 87,comprising a tubular body portion having a closed base and having aninlet-port for the pipe 88in the side of said body portion, it beingunderstood that said pipe 88 serves as a commingling-tube for the vaporand air, the latter be ing drawn in through the pipe 90, whichcommunicates with the air-chamber 91, said commingling-tube beingcontained within the shade 92, of glass or other similar material.

93 designates a threaded stem passing through the lower portion 94 ofthe burner and having attached thereto a disk 95, which may be solid, asseenin Figs. 1, 2, and 4, or, if desired, said disk may be provided withthe perforations 96, as seen in Fig. 13. The base portion of said burneris provided with an elevated portion 94*, which serves to normally holdsaid disk slightly above the inletport in the side of the burnerportion. It will thus be seen from the foregoing, reference being bad tothe governor and vaporizing devices above described in detail, that thegovernor controls the flow of oil to the vaporizing devices and alsoautomatically governs the supply of the pressure to the coil. Thehydrocarbon after leaving the drip-chamber enters the governor below itsvalve 34 by means of the port 33 and fills the seal-chamber 44 of thegovernor, the latter being the chamber containing the lower extremity ofthe rods 37 and 43, (seen in Fig. 7,) said hydrocarbon after thegovernor is sealed passing to the vaporizing devices when the valve 34permits.

It will be understood that the hydrocarbon passing to the governor isheld in the sealed chamber in the lower portion thereof by theair-cushion contained in the pipe 46, so that when the pressure becomesunduly raised the hydrocarbon from the seal-chamber 44 is forced intothe air-cushion chamber, which in turn forces the air against the underor pressure surface of the diaphragm 53, whereby said diaphragm israised against-the tension of the regulating-spring62, said spring beingreadily regulated,as has been explained, I

whereby the exact tension and resistance desired can be attained. Therod 43, connected to the diaphragm 53, passes through the air-cushionchamber to the seal-chamber in the lower portion.of the governor and isconnected therewith by a suitable joint through the intermediateconnections to the valve 34, whereby the latter opensand closes inaccord with the action of the diaphragm.

I have found after various experiments that the best results areobtained in governing devices for lamps of this character byconstructing the governor with the seal in the lower portion thereof andthe air-cushion located above said seal, whereby the oil is preventedfrom ever coiningin contact with the",

diaphragm by reason of the existence of said air-cushion between thehydrocarbon seal and the diaphragm,which materially prolongs the life ofthe diaphragm, since the same would be liable to rot or disintegrate ifever subjected directly to the action of the oil or hydrocarbon.

By reason of the length of the vaporizingpassages the vapor in itstravel through said passages is exposed to a maximum degree to the heat,and by reason of the arrangement of the vapor being carried throughtheconnections 75, 76, 81, and 83, which are located above the level of thehydrocarbon in the reservoir, it is impossible for the oil to flow intothe superheater 85.

By the construction of the fitting situated above the coil-level vaporis distributed in a positive manner to the tubular connections whichlead to the coil and to the snperheater, it being apparent that thetubular connection leading to said superheater in said fitting, as seenat the upper right-hand portion of Fig. 4c, is above the level of thepassage in said fitting leading to the coil 7.

The tubular connection 75, leading from the fitting 69 to the fitting77, conveys the vapor upwardly from the vaporizing devices and thencedownwardly through the pipe 83 to the pipe 85, wherein said vapor isexpanded and superheated before passing to the outlet leading to themixing or commingling tube 88.

By the employment of the disk 95 within the burner 89 it will be seenthat I caneither increase or diminish the distance from the top of thedisk to the outlet of the .burner by adjusting said disk upwardly ordownwardly, whereby it is brought nearer toor farther from the walls ofthe burner. The function of this disk is twofold, since the same serves,first, to control and regulate the supply of air to the mixing-chamber,and, secondly, it permits the gas to pass through theoutlet-perforations of the burner with less force than it passes throughsaid mixing-chamber or commingling-tube, owing to the check said gasreceives by its impact with the disk or regulator, thereby insuring thelife of the mantle.

The space between the mixing-tube and the disk forms a chamber intowhich thegas from the mixing-tube flows and deploys itself uniformlyaround the circumference of the disk 96 or through such perforations 96in the disk of the character seen in Fig. 13.

The operation of the starter will next be.

explained, reference being had to the pipe 97, leading from the fitting98, which is secured to the drip-chamber17, said fitting being providedwith a valve 99, whereby the flow of hydrocarbon from the drip-chamberto the start ing device 100 is adjusted according to requirements, thedetails of the construction of the starter being best understood fromthe enlarged views seen in Figs. 5 and 6. Aportion of the hydrocarbonflows down the pipe 97 into the chamber 101, which is filled with aweasbestos or other suitable absorbent material 102. A sufficient quantityof hydrocarbon having been received in the chamber 101, the valve 99 isclosed, and the valve 103 being unseated it will be seen that a portionof the hydrocarbon can flow from the chamber 104E through the connection105, thence through the port 106 into the blast-chamber 107, and thencethrough the openings 108 to the pan 109 below, which being ignitedcreates a vapor in the absorbent-chamber 101, which vapor is conductedto the blast-chamber 107, which is perforated to admit sufficient air tocreate a blue flame of great heat and intensity. After exhausting thevaporized fluid of the absorbentchamber the burner or starter isextinguished. The capacity of the starter is so regulated that the flamewhich impinges against the generator is of sufficient strength to soheat the generator and place the lamp in condition to heat the gas inthe mantle below it, which continues the vaporization in constant anduniform regularity. The coil or reservoir 7 is surrounded by a head orcovering 110, which incloses the entire apparatus, said reservoir beingcontained within said head 110 and the wall 111, wherebyaheating-chamber 112 is formed in which said coil is located, it being ofcourse understood that the heat' ascends through the space under saidcoil. The governor when situated in the center of the lamp is insulatedby beinginclosed within the wall 113, which surrounds said governor, andthe air-passage 114 is formed between the walls 111 and 113. In theconstruction seen in Fig. 15 I have placed the governor at one side ofthe lamp instead of in the center thereof, the hydrocarbon beingconducted through the inlet-boss 29 of the governor by the pipe 28, asalready described, and the requisite quantity of hydrocarbon beingconducted to the vaporizing devices by the pipe in the manner alreadyexplained. In the construction seen in Fig. 15, however, I have shown aheat-chamber occupying the center. of the lamp, which latter is providedwith the adjustable concentric tubes 115 and 116, the outer tube 115being supported upon the ledge or flange 117, and both of said tubesbeing provided with the perforations 118, which are adapted to be inalinement when the parts are in the position seen in Fig. 15. It will beapparent that when the parts are in the position seen the heat whichascends in the center of the lamp can pass into, out of the top, andthrough the sides of the tubes 115 and 116, through the openings 118therein, whereby the heat may be regulated and caused to play againstall sides of the coil 7, if so desired, it being understood that theouter of said tubes isrotatively supported,

upper convolution of the coil-reservoir, it of course being understoodthat the cap 7O (seen in Figs. 4 and 12) has been removed, so that theconnection between the pipe'119 and the passage 68 will be readily made.In the construction seen in Fig. 16 I employ the fitting 69 constructedas seen in Figs. 11 and 12, but connect the passages 74 and 84, as seenin Fig. 11, by means of the loop or similar connection 120, it being ofcourse understood that the hydrocarbon vaporized in the tube 67 on theside where the cap is used passes through the tube 119 therefrom directto the top of the coil and there forms the pressure, while part of thehydrocarbon passes through the other pipe 67, opposite or on the otherside from the capped pipe 67, into the passage 68, and thence throughthe inner tube 69 of the superheater, and thence backwardly on theoutside of said tube 69 or inside of tube 72 to the passage 74, andthence upwardly over the top of the coil through the loop 120 to thechamber 84, and thence through the regenerator 85 and commingling-tube88 to the burner, as already explained.

The advantage of having the tubular connection 120 extend above the coil7, as seen in Fig. 15, is that being beyond the hydrocarbon-level saidhydrocarbon cannot at any time find its way to the regenerator'85 andflood the burner. I prefer, however, in practice to use the method bywhich the same vaporization forms the pressure directly upon the oil andthe burner, as has been already described in detail.

In practice I close the lower portion of the shade 92 with the cap 123,which is secured in position by the screws 124 and has the perforations125 therethrough, through which air flows to the lower portion of theshade and is deflected by the plate 126, which is supported on the post127, whereby breakage of the shade 92 is prevented. The governor may besupported in any desired manner upon the plate 128, located in the lowerportion of the hot-air-chamber, as by means of a screw or bolt 129, asseen in Fig. 7, although it will be apparent that other supporting meansmay be employed, if desired. The chamber within the walls 113 whichcontain the governor is closed at its top by the cap 130, which ishinged at the point 131 and held in position by the screw 132.

133 designates an air-chamber below the plate 128, below which chamberare located the plates 134 and 135, which have openings 136 therethroughwhereby when the parts are in the position seen in Fig. 2 heat can passupwardly through the openings 136 and 137, one of said platesbeingmovable and adjusted according to requirements by the handle 138.

It will be seen that the removable cap 130 (best seen in the upper partof Fig. 1) permits of the manipulation of the regulating-screw 60, whichcontrols the pressure of the governor without removing the lamp from itsfixed position. It will also be seen that an air-chamber is formed abovethe plate 134 and below the chamber 133, thus completing the insulationof the bottom of 'the governor and preventing the action of the heatupon the seal-chamber of the governor.

In starting the lamp sufficient oil descends bygravity to the generator67, so that when the starting device .100 is operated such oil isvaporized and is carried to the burners and lighted, after which thevapor is generated in the generator by heat from the burners, the supplyof oil being kept up by the pres sure of part of the vapor generated,such pressure acting through the oil on the governor to control thesupply of oil to the generator.

No claim is made in this application to the governor or fluid-pressureregulator or the same in combination with other elements of the burner,as the same will form the subjectmatter of a separate application filedby me October 31, 1901, Serial No. 80,628.

It will be understood that the upper portion of the wall 111 is inpractice provided with the openings 111 which permit the egress of thehot air from the chamber 112 to the exterior of the burner.

It will be apparent that various changes may be made by those skilled inthe art which will come within the scope of my invent-ion, and I do nottherefore desire to be limited in every instance to the exactconstruction I have herein shown and described.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir composed of a coil, a filling devicehaving a passage leading therefrom into said coil, a valve in saidpassage through which the hydrocarbon flows to said coil, a cover forsaid filling device, and means for admitting air to the space above thevalve.

2. In a vapor-burner, a coil adapted to serve as a reservoir for thehydrocarbon, a plurality of upright rods located on either side of theconvolutions of said coil, fastening devices common to said rods andpassing between the convolutions -of said coil whereby the latter issupported, a drip-chamber in communication with the lower convolutionsof said coil, and aconnection from said dripchamber to the burnerproper.

3. In a vapor-burner, a filling device comprising anangularly-shaped'body with fillingopeniug, a cover therefor, a chamberinto which said filling device discharges, a valve controlling the Howof the hydrocarbon to said chamber, means for admitting air into thespace above the valve, a coil serving asa reservoir for the hydrocarbon,a drip-chamber in communication with the lower part of said coil, aburner and vaporizing devices intermediate said drip-chamber and burner.

4. In a vapor-burner, a filling device comprising a pipe withfilling-opening, a cover therefor, a valve controlling the flow of thehydrocarbon from said filling device, a coil serving as a reservoir forthe hydrocarbon, a drip-chamber in communication with the lower part ofsaid coil, a burner and vaporizing devices intermediate saiddrip-chamber and burner.

5. In a vapor-burner, a central heat-chamher, a reservoir comprisingcoils surrounding said heat-chamber, a drip-chamber communicatiug withsaid reservoir, vaporizing devices supplied from said drip-chamber, anda burner arranged below said vaporizing devices and heat-chamber.

6. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a reservoir for the receptionof the hydrocarbou, means for supporting said reservoir, the latterbeing composed of a coil subjected to the action of the heat generatedby the burner, a drip-chamber into which the lower convolution of saidcoil discharges, a flush-valve located in proximity to the bottom ofsaid drip'chamber, a vapor-generator, a connection from the upperportion of said drip-chamber leading to said vaporgenerator, a startingdevice located to heat said vapor-generator, a connection from saiddrip-chamber to said starting device, and a burner supplied from thegenerator.

7. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a reservoir in the form of acoil, means for supporting said reservoir, a drip-chamber, into whichthe lower convolution of the said coil discharges, a valve controllingthe discharge of sediment and extraneous matter in the bottom of saiddrip-chamber, a starting device, a valved connection leading from theupper part of said drip-chamber to said starting device, a vaporizerlocated in position to be heated by said starting device and suppliedfrom said drip-chamber, and a burner supplied from and arranged belowsaid vaporizer.

8. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a coil adapted to serve as areservoir, a dripchamber into which all of said hydrocarbon isdischarged and received, a vaporizing device, a connection leading fromthe upper portion of said drip-chamber to said vaporizing device, astarting device located in proximity to said vaporizing device, aconnection leading from the drip-chamber to said starting device, aburner arranged below said vaporizing device, and a connection from saidvaporiz-' ing device to said burner.

9. In a vapor-burner, vaporizing devices comprising a plurality oftubes, a fitting having a passage into which said tubes discharge, atube projecting from said fitting and communicating with said passageand having a discharge-port at its outer end, a larger tube engagingsaid fitting and inclosing said lastmentioned tube, said fitting beingprovided with a second passage into which said larger tube discharges, asecond fitting havinga passage, a connection from the second passage inthe first fitting to the passage in said second fitting, a tube leadingfrom the latter to said first-mentioned fitting, a tube projecting fromthe latter and located so as to be subjected to heat of the burner, anda connection from said last-mentioned tube to said burner.

10. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a generator, comprising aplurality of pipes, a fitting into which said pipes discharge, andhaving a passage in communication with said pipes, an inner pipe intowhich said passage discharges, an outer pipe inclosing said pipe, saidfitting having a chamber into which said outer pipe discharges, a secondfitting having a chamber, a pipe leading from said chamber in the firstfitting into the chamber of the second fitting, a pipe leadingdownwardly from said chamber in'the second fitting to a passage in thefirst fitting, a pipe leading from said fitting, said last-mentionedpipe serving as a superheater, a burner located below said superheater,a pipe leading from the latter to the burner, and a reservoir, saidsecond fitting being located above the highest possible level of oil inthe reservoir.

11. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a generator comprising aplurality of pipes, a fitting into which said pipes discharge, andhaving a passage in communication with said pipes, an inner pipe intowhich said passage discharges, an outer pipe inclosing said pipe, saidfitting having a chamber into which said outer pipe discharges, a secondfitting having a chamber, a pipe leading from said chamber.

in the first fitting into the chamber of the second fitting, a pipeleading downwardly from said chamber in the second fitting to a pas sagein the first fitting, a pipe leading from said fitting, saidlast-mentioned pipe serving as a superheater, a burner located belowsaid superheater, a pipe leading from the latter to the burner, and areservoir in the form of a coil, said second fitting being located abovethe highest; possible level of oil in the reservoir.

12. In avapor-burner, the combination of a generator comprising aplurality of pipes, a fitting into which said pipes discharge, andhaving a passage in communication with said pipes, an inner pipe intowhich said passage discharges, an outerpipe-inclosing said pipe, saidfitting having a chamber into which said outer pipe discharges, a secondfitting having a chamber, a pipe leading from said chamber in the firstfitting into the chamber of the second fitting, a pipe leadingdownwardly from said chamber in the second fitting to a passage in thefirst fitting, a pipe leading from said first fitting, saidlastmentioned pipe serving as a superheater, a burner located helow thevaporizer and in such position that the hot gases from the burner ascendwithin the coils of the reservoir, a pipe leading from the burner tosaid superheater, and a reservoir in the form of a coil, said secondfitting being located above the highest possible level'of oil in thereservoir.

13. In avapor-burner, the combination of a generator comprising aplurality of pipes, a

fitting into which said pipes discharge, a pasunder said superheater, ahot-air chamber, a

sage in said fitting in communication with said pipes, an inner pipeinto which said passage discharges, an outer pipe inclosing said pipe, achamber in said fitting into which said outer pipe discharges, a secondfitting, a pipe leading from said chamber into a chamber of the secondfitting, a pipe leading downwardly from said chamber in said secondfitting to a passage in the first fitting, a pipe leading from saidlatter passage in the first fitting and serving as a superheater, aburner located below said superheater, and a pipe leading from thelatter to said burner, combined with a reservoir in which thehydrocarbon is primarily received, a connectionfroni said reservoir tosaid generator, and a connection from the chamber of the second fittingto the upper portion of said reservoir, whereby a vaporpressure ismaintained in said reservoir for feeding the hydrocarbon into saidgenerator.

14. In a vapor-burner, the combination of'a generator comprising aplurality of pipes, a fitting having a passage into which said pipesdischarge, an inner pipe into which said passage discharges, an outerpipe inclosing said pipe, a chamber in said fitting into which saidouter pipe discharges, a second fitting, a pipe leading from saidchamber into a chamber in the second fitting, a pipe leading from saidfirst fitting and serving as a superheater, a pipe leading downwardlyfrom the chamber in the second fitting and connected to saidsuperheater, a burner located below said super-heater, a pipe leadingfrom the latter to the burner, a reservoir in which the hydrocarbon isprimarily received, a connection from said reservoir to said generator,a connection from the chamber of the second fitting to the upper portionof the said reservoir above the highest possible level of the oiltherein, and a drip-chamber into which the lower portion of thereservoir discharges.

15. In a vapor-burner, vaporizing devices comprising a plurality oftubes, a fitting having a passage into which said tubes discharge, saidpassage being extended to one side and having a removable closure, atube projecting from said fitting and communicating with said passageand having a discharge-port at its outer end, a larger pipe engagingsaid fitting and inclosing said last-mentioned pipe, said fitting beingprovided with a second passage, and a connection from the second passagein said fitting to said last-mentioned pipe and a pipe provided with avapor-jet orifice attached to said fitting in communication with saidsecond passage.

16. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir for the hydrocarbon, means fortransforming the latter into a vapor, said means comprising a generatorcomposed of a pluralil y of tubes, a fitting in which the extremities ofsaid tubes are received, a supergenerator supported by said fitting andcomprising a plurality of concentric tubes, a superheater alsoprojecting from said fitting, a burner located directly commingling-pipeleading from said superheater to said burner, and means for conductingthe air from said hot-air chamber to said commingling-pipe.

17. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir for the hydrocarbon, comprising acoil, a drip-chamber in communication with the lower eX- tremity of saidcoil, a generator comprising a plurality of tubes each connected to asupply-pipe leading from said drip-chamber, a

fitting having a first passage into which the ends of said tubesdischarge, a supergenerator comprising tubes one within the otherattached to said fitting, said inner tube leading from said innerpassage and said fitting having a second passage in communication withthe outer tube, a superheater-tube attached to said fitting and having avapor-jet orifice and means for conveying a portion of the vapor fromthe second passage in the fitting to the upper portion of the coil andthe remainder of said vapor to said superheater, a burner and acommingling-tube affording a connection from said superheater to saidburner.

18. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir for the hydrocarbon consisting of acoil, a drip-chamber in communication with the lower extremity of saidcoil, a generator comprising a plurality of tubes each connected to asupply-pipe leading from said drip-chamber, a fitting having a firstpassage into which the ends of said tubes discharge, a supergeneratorcomprising tubes one within the other attached to said fitting, saidinner tube leading from said inner passage and said fitting having asecond passage in communication with the outer tube, a superheater-tubeattached to said fitting and having a vapor-jet orifice and means forconveying a portion of the vapor from the second passage in the fittingto the upper portion of the coil and the remainder of said vapor to saidsuperheater, a burner and a commingling-tube leading from saidsuperheater to said burner, in combination with a hot-air chamberlocated above said burner and a connection leading from said hot-airchamber to the comminglingtube between said super-heater and burner,whereby the gas and air are thoroughly commingled prior to theiradmission to said burner.

19. In a vapor-burner, the combination of agenerator, a supergenerator,and a superheater having a jet-orifice, a fitting for supporting andconnecting said parts, a hot-airchamber, a burner, means for supplyinghydrocarbon to said generator, a comminglingtube leading from saidsuperheater to said burner, and a connection from said hot-air chamberto said commingling-tube.

20. Thecombinationofagenerator,asupergenerator, a superheater, a hot-airchamber, a burner, means for supplying hydrocarbon to said generator, acommingling-pipe lead ing from said superheater,to said burner, and

a connection from said hot-air chamber to said commingling-pipe, incombination with a threaded stem passing through the bottom of saidburner and a disk carried by said stem and adapted to be moved toward oraway from the top of the burner so as to enlarge or decrease the chamberin which the commingled air and vapor is initially received.

21. The combination of a generator,a supergenerator, a superheater,ahot-air chamber, a burner, means for supplying hydrocarbon to saidgenerator, a commingling-pipeleading from said superheater to saidburner, and a connection from said hot-air chamber to saidcommingling-pipe, in combination with a threaded stem passing throughthe bottom of said burner, and a perforated disk carried by said stemand adapted to be moved toward or away from the top of the burner so asto enlarge or decrease the chamber in which the commingled airand vaporis initially received.

22. The combination of a vapor-burner, a hotair chamber located abovethe same, vaporizing devices located above said burner, acommingling-pipe for the hot air and vapor leading to saidburner, amantle carried by the latter, a threaded stem passing through the lowerportion of said burner, and a disk carried by said stem and adapted tobe adjusted relatively to the inlet to said burner, whereby the force ofthe incoming vapor and air can be checked and thelife of the mantlethereby prolonged.

23. In a vapor-burner, a fitting, a plurality of pipes connected to saidfitting and arranged to receive oil from the oil-supply, concentricpipes connected to" said fitting and arranged to provide a space betweenthe two,and a pipe projecting from said fitting below said concentricpipes and provided with a vapor-discharge jet-openin 24. In avapor-burner, a fitting, a plurality of pipes connected thereto andarranged to receive oil from the oil-supply, concentric pipes connectedto said fitting and arranged to provide a space between the two, a pipeprojecting from said fitting below said concentric pipes and providedwith a vapor-discharge jet-opening, and a starter arranged to receiveoil from the oil-supply and to heat said vaporizer.

25. In a aper-burner, a fitting, a plurality of pipes connected theretoand arrangedto receive oil from the oil-supply,concentric pipesconnected to said fitting and arranged to provide a space between thetwo, apipe projecting from said fitting below said concentric pipes andprovided with a vapor-discharge j etopening, a starter arranged toreceive oil from the oil-supply and to heat said vaporizer, adrip-chamber and a reservoir discharging into said drip-chamber, and aplurality of pipes connected to said drip-chamber to receive oiltherefrom and supply the same to said starter and vaporizer.

26. A reservoir provided with a drip-chamber, a vaporizer, a startercomprising a chamber adapted to contain absorbent material, a secondchamberconnccted to said first chamber, a blast-chamber connected tosaid second chamber and a valve controlling said connection between theblast and second cham bers, and valved connections leading from saiddrip-chamber to said vaporizer and starting device, said starting devicebeing located to heat said vaporizer.

27. A reservoir in the form of a coil, adripchamber connected to thelower convolution of said coil, a vaporizer, a starter comprising achamber adapted to contain absorbent material, a second chamberconnected to said first chamber, a blast-chamber connected to saidsecond chamber, a valve controlling said connection between the blastand second chambers, a valved connection leading from said drip-chamberto said vaporizer and a valved connection leading from said dripchamberto the starting device, said starting device being located to heat saidvaporizer.

28. The combination of a vapor-burner, a glass shade inclosing saidburner and having an opening in the lower portion thereof, a perforatedcap for said opening, a post projecting upwardly from said cap, and acurved deflector-plate supported at its center on said post and abovethe opening in the bottom of the glass shade and extended beyond theedges of said opening.

29. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a hot-air chamber, ahydrocarbon-reservoir located therein, a drip-chamber into which saidreservoir discharges, a starting device in communication with saiddrip-chamber, a burner, a pipe leading from said vaporizing devices tosaid burner, a central hot-air chamber and a cap mounted on the top ofsaid central hot-air chamber.

30. The combination of ahydrocarbon-reservoir consisting of a coil, thelatter being located within a hot-air chamber, a central hotair chambersurrounded by said coil, a dripchamber, a vapor-generator and aconnection from said drip-chamber to said vapor-generator.

31. The combination of a hydrocarbon-reservoir consisting of a coil, thelatterbeing located within a hot-air chamber, a central hotair chambersurrounded by said coil, a vaporgenerator, a connection from saiddrip-chamber to said vapor-generator, and a burner supported from saidgenerator and located in position to heat said hot-air chambers and saidvapor-generator.

32. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir for the hydrocarbon consisting of acoil, a vapor-generator, a valved connection between saidvapor-generator and coil, said generator comprising a plurality of tubesreceiving oil from said connection, a plurality of tubes, one Within theother and a pipe located below said lastmentioned tubes provided with avapor-jet orifice, a commingling-tube, and a burner supplied from suchcommingling-tube andlocated to heat said generator.

33. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir comprising a coil, a vapor-generatorcomprising parallel pipes, a plurality of pipes one within the otherlocated between said first pipes, a pipe located below said plurality ofpipes and provided with a vapor-discharge opening and a fittingsupporting said pipes and having passages connecting said pi pes,aconnection from the reservoir to said parallel pipes, a commingling-tubearranged to receive the discharge from said vapor-discharge opening, anda burner supplied by such tube and located in position to heat saidvapor-generator.

34. In a-vapor-burner, areservoir comprising a coil, a vapor-generatorcomprising parallel pipes, a plurality of pipes one within the otherlocated between said first pipes, a pipe located below said plurality ofpipes and provided with a vapor-discharge opening and a fittingsupporting said pipes and having passages connecting said pipes, aconnection from the reservoir to said parallel pipes, a commingling-tubearranged to receive the discharge from said vapor-discharge opening, aburner supplied by such tube and located in position to heat saidvapor-generator, and a connection leading from one of the passages insaid fitting to the upper part of the coil.

35. In a vapor-burner, the combination of a reservoir, a hot-air chamberinclosing the same, a plate in the lower portion thereof having a porttherethrough, a plurality of plates located below said first-mentionedplate and having openings therein, means for moving one of said plates,vaporizing devices located below said plates, means for conveyinghydrocarbon to said vaporizing devices, a burner located below saidvaporizing devices, and means for conveying vapor to said burner.

36. A burner consisting of a tubular body portion with a closed base, acomminglingtube leading into the side of said body portion, a threadedstem passing through said base, a disk secured to said stem to movetherewith, whereby the chamber between the top of said disk and the topof the burner can be enlarged or diminished.

37. A burner consisting of a tubular body portion with a closed base, acomminglingtube leading into the side of said body portion, a threadedstem passing through said base, and a perforated disk secured to saidstem to move therewith, whereby the chamber between the top of said diskand the top of the burner may be enlarged or diminished.

38. Aburner havinga tubular body portion having an inlet-port in thesame and a closed base, a threaded stem passing through said base, adisk carried by said stem within said body portion and arranged to bealways normally slightly above said inlet-port, whereby the chamberbetween the said inlet-port and the top of the burner can be increasedor diminished according to requirements.

39. A burner havinga tubular body portion having an inlet-port in thesame and a closed base, a threaded stem passing through said base, and aperforated disk carried by said stem within the body portion andarranged to be always normally slightly above said inlet-port wherebythe chamber between the said inlet-port and the top of the burner may beincreased or diminished according to requirements.

40. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a vapor generator comprising agenerator receiving its supply from said reservoir, a supergenerator, asuperheater and a'connection from said supergenerator to saidsuperheater, said connection having a portion extended above the highestpossible level of oil in said reservoir.

41. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a vapor- I generator comprising agenerator receiving its supply from said reservoir, a supergenerator, asuperheater and a connection from said supergenerator to saidsuperheater, said supergenerator having one pipe within the other with aspace between the two, and said.

connection having a portion extended above the highest possible level ofoil in the said reservoir.

HARPER F. SMITH.

Witnesses:

E. HAYWARD FAIRBANKS, O. D. MoVAY.

